With the rapid development of new energy technologies and output, it has triggered an explosion in global demand for key new energy metals such as nickel, cobalt, copper and manganese. According to Bloomberg, global sales of electric vehicles will reach 47.8 million units in 2030 and 60 million units by 2040. In terms of deep-sea resources, undersea mineral resources reserves are far richer than those on land. It is estimated that the Pacific Ocean floor alone meets the conditions for commercial mining with an area of about 4.25 million square kilometers, of which the reserves of copper, nickel, cobalt and manganese are 300 million tons, 390 million tons, 0.78 billion tons and 8.6 billion tons, respectively, while the USGS data show that the global reserves of copper, nickel, cobalt and manganese on land in 2021 are only 8.8, 0.95, 0.07 and 1.5 billion tons. The USGS projects that 'by 2065, 35-45 percent of the supply of key metals will come from the deep seafloor.'